Rising consumerism and changing social priorities bring to mind the economic theory of marginal utility, a principle whose relevance extends far beyond economics. It suggests that each additional unit of a good provides less satisfaction than the one before it. Today, this principle seems to govern not only our spending habits but also our ambitions.

Modern life has become an endless pursuit of “more”—more money, more possessions, more followers and more recognition. Yet despite unprecedented material abundance, anxiety, loneliness and dissatisfaction continue to grow. The excitement of a new purchase quickly fades, only to be replaced by another desire. This cycle persists because lasting happiness cannot be achieved through consumption alone.

Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman captures this reality powerfully. Willy Loman spends his life believing that success and popularity will bring fulfilment, yet every achievement soon loses its appeal, leaving him chasing another illusion. His story reflects the essence of diminishing marginal utility: the more he pursues material success, the less satisfaction it provides.

As the Roman philosopher Seneca wisely observed, “He is a great man who uses earthenware as if it were silver.” True wealth lies not in possessing more but in wanting less. This timeless wisdom challenges today’s culture of excessive consumption and reminds us that gratitude and moderation are the foundations of lasting contentment.

As an educationist, I believe policymakers, educators and citizens alike must recognise that national progress cannot be measured solely by economic growth or increased consumption. A truly prosperous society invests in education, ethical values, mental well-being and meaningful human relationships.

The theory of marginal utility is more than an economic concept; it is a reflection of the restless nature of modern society. The sooner we appreciate its deeper message, the sooner we will understand that genuine fulfilment comes from contentment rather than possessions.

M. AHMAD MUZAKKI,

Kasur City.

The true strength of a nation lies not only in its economy or military capability but also in the character of its people and the fairness of its institutions. Societies that uphold honesty, justice, accountability, and respect for the rule of law are better equipped to achieve lasting peace and prosperity.

Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah envisioned Pakistan as a country where every citizen, regardless of faith or background, enjoyed equal rights and opportunities under the law. His vision remains as relevant today as it was at independence.

National progress requires integrity from both leaders and citizens. Corruption, intolerance, and disregard for the law weaken institutions and erode public trust, while fairness, responsibility, and civic duty strengthen democracy and social cohesion. By embracing these values, Pakistan can move closer to the ideals on which it was founded and build a stronger future for coming generations.

MUHAMMAD IQBAL AWAN,

Mianwali.

Every year, thousands of students complete internships, yet many gain little practical experience. What should bridge the gap between education and employment has too often become a race to collect certificates and perform routine tasks.

Many organisations offer internships without providing meaningful mentorship, constructive feedback, or hands-on learning. As a result, students leave with certificates but limited professional confidence or practical skills.

An internship should be judged not by the number of hours completed but by the knowledge, responsibility, and experience it provides. When interns are encouraged to think critically, solve problems, and learn from experienced professionals, they are far better prepared for their future careers.

The true value of an internship lies not in the certificate awarded at the end, but in the skills and confidence gained throughout the experience.

SHANZAY JAVED,

Hyderabad.

QUETTA: A terrorist riding a motorcycle hurled a hand grenade near Yaseen Hospital on Patel Road in Quetta, killing one person and injuring four others, ARY News reported, citing police.

Police confirmed the casualty count, stating that the victims were immediately shifted to a nearby hospital for medical treatment.

Meanwhile, CCTV footage of the incident has surfaced, showing the suspect on a motorcycle throwing the grenade before fleeing the scene.

Earlier, armed men in an attack at Wali Khan Bypass killed Sessions Judge Abdul Hakeem Kakar and his gunman, while Additional Sessions Judge Tariq Lashari was injured in terrorist attack, a police official said on Thursday.

SHO Mastung police station said that the judges were traveling from Quetta to Mastung.

The government of Baluchistan has condemned the attack and ordered decisive action against the perpetrators.

Assistant to the Chief Minister, Shahid Rind, has said that terrorists have targeted the judiciary under a plan. “They targeted two judges and one of them was martyred,” he said. The attack on law enforcers and judges has been a failed bid to challenge the writ of the state, he further said.

Shahid Rind said the terrorists and their facilitators will not be left at any cost; the government will respond to them strongly. The Baluchistan government will continue its operation till the complete defeat of terrorism, he added.