Global warming has become one of the most serious environmental challenges facing Pakistan. Rising temperatures, changing weather patterns, melting glaciers, water shortages and extreme heat are increasingly affecting lives, agriculture and the economy. Despite the growing threat, the issue has yet to receive the urgent and sustained action it deserves.
Pakistan has experienced a significant rise in temperatures over the decades. Cities such as Turbat and Sibi regularly experience extreme summer heat, with temperatures sometimes approaching or exceeding 48°C. Such conditions pose serious health risks, particularly to children, older people, outdoor workers and those without access to cooling facilities.
Climate change is also threatening Pakistan’s water and agricultural systems. The country’s glaciers are changing rapidly, raising concerns about future water availability. Agriculture, which depends heavily on predictable weather and water supplies, is particularly vulnerable. Extreme heat can reduce the productivity of important crops such as wheat and cotton, putting additional pressure on food security and farmers’ livelihoods.
Deforestation is another major concern. Pakistan has limited forest cover, yet trees continue to be cut for timber, fuel and other purposes. Waste disposal and the burning of organic and other materials also contribute to greenhouse-gas emissions. These activities worsen environmental degradation and increase communities’ vulnerability to extreme weather.
Although Pakistan contributes relatively little to global greenhouse-gas emissions compared with major industrialised countries, it remains highly vulnerable to climate change. Domestic weaknesses, including poor urban planning, deforestation, inadequate water management and insufficient disaster preparedness, can further intensify its effects.
The government must therefore adopt stronger climate policies and invest in practical solutions. More trees should be planted and existing forests protected. Water resources must be conserved, renewable energy such as solar power promoted, and cities better planned to cope with extreme heat. Pakistan should also continue seeking greater international climate support, as countries that contribute least to global warming often suffer some of its most devastating consequences.
Global warming is not merely a future threat; its effects are already being felt. Protecting the environment requires action from governments, communities and individuals alike. If we act now, we can protect our water, agriculture, forests and future generations from an even greater climate crisis.
SHARI IQBAL,
Tijaban.
